Mounting evidence has long suggested a potential link between coronary artery disease (CAD) and Alzheimer’s. Now, a study from Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Australia has confirmed a significant relationship between the neurodegenerative disease, blood fats, and seven characteristics of heart disease.
The research identified genetic links between these traits, offering new avenues for understanding the origins of both Alzheimer’s and CAD.
The ECU team analyzed large genetic datasets to search for shared genes or gene variations that may elevate the risk of Alzheimer's, CAD, and blood concentrations of triglycerides and lipoproteins—fats associated with the development of both conditions.
“There is considerable evidence from observational and other studies to support a connection between these conditions,” said lead author Artika Kirby, a bioinformatician from ECU.
“However, the intricate biological mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease are poorly understood, and its relationship with lipids and CAD traits remains unresolved.”
Statistical analysis showed that certain shared genes are involved in Alzheimer’s and heart disease traits like angina and heart attacks, as well as increased serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
However, the study did not find a direct causal link between the genetic factors driving Alzheimer’s and heart disease. Instead, the shared genes may elevate the risk of both diseases independently.
These findings open new pathways for investigating the root causes of both Alzheimer’s and CAD, building on existing knowledge of inflammation, which is linked to both conditions.
“Our study employed a genetic approach to investigate the intricate relationships of these comorbid conditions, providing new insights into their shared biological underpinnings,” Kirby added.
As Alzheimer’s is expected to affect around 139 million people by 2050, identifying key genetic factors—such as the risk associated with the APOE4 gene—may lead to better diagnostic tools and potential prevention strategies for both diseases.
“I am optimistic that our findings open new avenues of research that have the potential to enhance the lives of millions worldwide,” said Kirby.